Antivirus software is a security tool designed to detect, prevent, and remove malicious software, commonly known as malware, from computers and other devices. It protects systems from a wide range of threats, including viruses, worms, ransomware, spyware, and Trojans, which can compromise system functionality, steal sensitive data, or cause widespread damage.
The primary functions of antivirus software include:
- Malware Detection: It scans files, programs, and websites to identify known malware signatures or patterns. Advanced antivirus solutions also use heuristic analysis and machine learning to detect previously unknown threats.
- Threat Prevention: Antivirus software proactively blocks malware from being downloaded, installed, or executed on a system, often by monitoring real-time activity.
- Removal of Infections: If malware is detected, the antivirus provides tools to quarantine and safely remove the malicious code without further harming the system.
- Scheduled Scanning and Updates: Antivirus programs regularly scan the system and update their virus definitions to ensure they can recognize and combat the latest threats.
- Additional Features: Modern antivirus software often includes features like phishing protection, email scanning, and vulnerability assessments to enhance security.
Antivirus software is critical because it acts as a primary defense against evolving cyber threats. By automating the detection and handling of malicious software, it reduces the risk of data breaches, system corruption, and unauthorized access, helping to maintain the security and integrity of personal and organizational systems.